Romance Languages Verbs: Stem-changing -ir / -ire / -ir verbs in French, Italian, and Catalan
Learn French, Italian, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese together
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| English | French | Italian | Catalan |
|---|---|---|---|
| -ir (-iss-) verbs | -ire (-isc-) verbs | -ir (-eix-) verbs | |
| Infinitive: to finish | finir | finire | finir |
| Present: finish(es) | finis | finisco | fineixo |
| finis | finisci | fineixes | |
| finit | finisce | fineix | |
| finissons | finiamo | finim | |
| finissez | finite | finiu | |
| finissent | finiscono | fineixen | |
| Imperfect: finished/used to finish | finissais | finivo | finia |
| finissais | finivi | finies | |
| finissait | finiva | finia | |
| finissions | finivamo | finíem | |
| finissiez | finivate | finíeu | |
| finissaient | finivano | finien | |
| Preterite: finished | finis | finii | finí |
| (rare in French or Italian speech) | finis | finisti | finires |
| (alternative Catalan below) | finit | finì | finí |
| finîmes | finimmo | finírem | |
| finîtes | finiste | finíreu | |
| finirent | finirono | finiren | |
| Future: will finish | finirai | finirò | finiré |
| finiras | finirai | finiràs | |
| finira | finirà | finirà | |
| finirons | finiremo | finirem | |
| finirez | finirete | finireu | |
| finiront | finiranno | finiran | |
| Conditional: would finish | finirais | finirei | finiria |
| finirais | finiresti | finiries | |
| finirait | finirebbe | finira | |
| finirions | finiremmo | finiríem | |
| finiriez | finireste | finiríeu | |
| finiraient | finirebbero | finirien | |
| Present Subjunctive: finish(es) | finisse | finisca | fineixi |
| finisses | finisca | fineixis | |
| finisse | finisca | fineixi | |
| finissions | finiamo | finim | |
| finissiez | finiate | finiu | |
| finissent | finiscano | fineixin | |
| Imperfect Subjunctive: finished | finisse | finissi | finís |
| (rare in French speech) | finisses | finissi | finissis |
| finît | finisse | finís | |
| finissions | finissimo | finíssim | |
| finissiez | finiste | finíssiu | |
| finissent | finissero | finissin | |
| Affirmative Imperative: finish | |||
| Singular familiar you | finis | finisci | fineix |
| Singular formal you | finissez | finisca | fineixi |
| Let's... | finissons | finiamo | finim |
| Plural familiar you | finissez | finite | finiu |
| Plural formal you | finissez | finiscano | fineixin |
| Negative Imperative: don't finish | |||
| Singular familiar you | ne finis pas | non finire | no fineixis |
| Singular formal you | ne finissez pas | non finisca | no fineixi |
| Let's not... | ne finissons pas | non finiamo | no finim |
| Plural familiar you | ne finissez pas | non finite | no finiu |
| Plural formal you | ne finissez pas | non finiscano | no fineixin |
| Gerund: finishing Present Participle: finishing |
en finissant finissant |
finendo finente |
finint |
| Past Participle: finished | fini | finito | finit |
| Auxiliary in perfect tenses for "to finish" | avoir | avere or essere | haver |
The periphrastic past in Catalan is an alternative to the preterite. It is formed by using anar as an auxiliary verb followed by the infinitive.
| vaig finir |
| vas finir |
| va finir |
| vam finir |
| vau finir |
| van finir |
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