Learn Romance Languages Verb Conjuations Together - French, Italian, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese Vocabulary Side-by-Side

Romance Languages Verbs: Regular -er / - are / -ar / -ar / -ar Verbs

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English	French	Italian	Catalan	Spanish	Portuguese
	-er verbs	-are verbs	-ar verbs	-ar verbs	-ar verbs
Infinitive: to love	aimer	amare	amar	amar	amar

Present: love(s)	aime	amo	amo	amo	amo
	aimes	ami	ames	amas	amas
	aime	ama	ama	ama	ama
	aimons	amiamo	amem	amamos	amamos
	aimez	amate	ameu	amáis	amais
	aiment	amano	amen	aman	amam

Imperfect: loved/used to love	aimais	amavo	amava	amaba	amava
	aimais	amavi	amaves	amabas	amavas
	aimait	amava	amava	amaba	amava
	aimions	amavamo	amàvem	amábamos	amávamos
	aimiez	amavate	amàveu	amabais	amáveis
	aimaient	amavano	amàven	amaban	amavam

Preterite: loved	aimai	amai	amí	amé	amei
(rare in French or Italian speech)	aimas	amasti	amares	amaste	amaste
(alternative Catalan below)	aima	amò	amà	amó	amou
	aimâmes	amammo	amàrem	amamos	amamos
	aimâtes	amaste	amàreu	amasteis	amastes
	aimèrent	amarono	amàren	amaron	amaram

Future: will love	aimerai	amerò	amaré	amaré	amarei
	aimeras	amerai	amaràs	amarás	amarás
	aimera	amerà	amarà	amará	amará
	aimerons	ameremo	amarem	amaremos	amaremos
	aimerez	amerete	amareu	amaréis	amareis
	aimeront	ameranno	amaran	amarán	amarão

Conditional: would love	aimerais	amerei	amaria	amaría	amaria
	aimerais	ameresti	amaries	amarías	amarias
	aimerait	amerebbe	amaria	amaría	amaria
	aimerions	ameremmo	amaríem	amaríamos	amaríamos
	aimeriez	amereste	amaríeu	amaríais	amaríeis
	aimeraient	amerebbero	amaríen	amarían	amariam

Present Subjunctive: love(s)	aime	ami	ami	ame	ame
	aimes	ami	amis	ames	ames
	aime	ami	ami	ame	ame
	aimions	amiamo	amem	amemos	amemos
	aimiez	amiate	ameu	améis	ameis
	aiment	amino	amin	amen	amem

Imperfect Subjunctive: loved	aimasse	amassi	amés	amara	amasse
(rare in French speech)	aimasses	amassi	amessis	amaras	amasses
(alternative Spanish below)	aimât	amasse	amés	amara	amasse
	aimassions	amassimo	améssim	amáramos	amássemos
	aimassiez	amaste	améssiu	amarais	amásseis
	aimassent	amassero	amessim	amaran	amassem

Affirmative Imperative: love
Singular familiar you	aime	ama	ama	ama	ama
Singular formal you	aimez	ami	ami	ame	ame
Let's...	aimons	amiamo	amem	amemos	amemos
Plural familiar you	aimez	amate	ameu	amad	amai
Plural formal you	aimez	amino	amin	amen	amem

Negative Imperative: don't love
Singular familiar you	n'aime pas	non amare	no amis	no ames	não ames
Singular formal you	n'aimez pas	non ami	no ami	no ame	não ame
Let's not...	n'aimons pas	non amiamo	no amem	no amemos	não amemos
Plural familiar you	n'aimez pas	non amate	no ameu	no améis	não ameis
Plural formal you	n'aimez pas	non amino	no amin	no amen	não amem

Gerund: loving Present Participle: loving	en aimant aimant	amando amante	amant	amando	amando
Past Participle: loved	aimé	amato	amat	amado	amado

Auxiliary in perfect tenses for "to love"	avoir	avere	haver	haber	ter

The periphrastic past in Catalan is an alternative to the preterite. It is formed by using anar as an auxiliary verb followed by the infinitive.

vaig amar
vas amar
va amar
vam amar
vau amar
van amar

There is an alternative form of the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish, which is more similar to Portuguese. Simply replace -ra- with -se- for all conjugations:

amara / amase
amaras / amases
amara / amase
amáramos / amásemos
amarais / amaseis
amaran / amasen

The future subjunctive is only used in formal or literary Spanish, but it is easy to conjugate since it is nearly identical to the imperfect subjunctive forms. The future subjunctive in Portuguese is very common and the same endings are used for the personal infinitive. For regular verbs, the personal infinitive in Portuguese is identical to the future subjunctive.

Spanish	Portuguese
amare	amar
amares	amares
amare	amar
amáremos	amarmos
amareis	amardes
amaren	amarem

There is an alternative form of the past perfect in Portuguese which only uses one word rather than an auxiliary verb + past participle. These conjugations are quite similar to the imperfect subjunctive conjugations using -ra- in Spanish. However, this simple form is only used in formal or literary Portuguese. (Note that the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish using -ra- can also be used in formal or literary language as an alternative to the compound past perfect.)

amara
amaras
amara
amáramos
amáreis
amaram