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Romance Languages Verbs: Conjugations of Have (avoir / avere / haver / haber / haver)

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Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese have two verbs meaning have in English. Catalan haver and Spanish haber are used as the auxiliary verb in perfect tenses to mean have/had (followed by the past participle), while tenir and tener are used to show possession (to have, to own, to possess). Haver and haber are also used to express there is/are (hi ha / hay) and there was/were (hi havia / había). In Portuguese, the verb haver can be used in the perfect tenses, but ter is used much more often. Haver can be used to express there is/are (há) and there was/were (habia), but ter is preferred (tem and tinha), especially in Brazil. Go to conjugations of tenir / tener / ter.

English	French	Italian	Catalan	Spanish	Portuguese
Infinitive: to have	avoir	avere	haver	haber	haver

Present: have, has	ai	ho	he / haig	he	hei
	as	hai	has	has	hás
	a	ha	ha	ha	há
	avons	abbiamo	hem	hemos	hemos
	avez	avete	heu	habéis	heis
	ont	hanno	han	han	hão

Imperfect: had/used to have	avais	avevo	havia	había	havia
	avais	avevi	havies	habías	havias
	avait	aveva	havia	había	havia
	avions	avevamo	havíem	habíamos	havíamos
	aviez	avevate	havíeu	habíais	havíeis
	avaient	avevano	havien	habían	haviam

Preterite: had	eus	ebbi	haguí	hube	houve
(rare in French or Italian speech)	eus	avesti	hagueres	hubiste	houveste
(alternative Catalan below)	eut	ebbe	hagué	hubo	houve
	eûmes	avemmo	haguérem	hubimos	houvemos
	eûtes	aveste	haguéreu	hubisteis	houvestes
	eurent	ebbero	hagueren	hubieron	houveram

Future: will have	aurai	avrò	hauré	habré	haverei
	auras	avrai	hauràs	habrás	haverás
	aura	avrà	haurà	habrá	haverá
	aurons	avremo	haurem	habremos	haveremos
	aurez	avrete	haureu	habréis	havereis
	auront	avranno	hauran	habrán	haverão

Conditional: would have	aurais	avrei	hauria	habría	haveria
	aurais	avresti	hauries	habrías	haverias
	aurait	avrebbe	hauria	habría	haveria
	aurions	avremmo	hauríem	habríamos	haveríamos
	auriez	avreste	hauríeu	habríais	haveríeis
	auraient	avrebbero	haurien	habrían	haveriam

Present Subjunctive: have, has	aie	abbia	hagi	haya	haja
	aies	abbia	hagis	hayas	hajas
	ait	abbia	hagi	haya	haja
	ayons	abbiamo	hàgim	hayamos	hajamos
	ayez	abbiate	hàgiu	hayáis	hajais
	aient	abbiano	hagin	hayan	hajam

Imperfect Subjunctive: had	eusse	avessi	hagués	hubiera	houvesse
(rare in French speech)	eusses	avessi	haguessis	hubieras	houvesses
(alternative Spanish below)	eût	avesse	hagués	hubiera	houvesse
	eussions	avessimo	haguéssim	hubiéramos	houvéssemos
	eussiez	aveste	haguéssiu	hubierais	houvésseis
	eussent	avessero	haguessin	hubieran	houvessem

Affirmative Imperative: have
Singular familiar you	aie	abbi		he	há
Singular formal you	ayez	abbia		haya	haja
Let's...	ayons	abbiamo		hayamos	hajamos
Plural familiar you	ayez	abbiate		habed	havei
Plural formal you	ayez	abbiano		hayan	hajam

Negative Imperative: don't have
Singular familiar you	n'aie pas	non avere		no hayas	não hajas
Singular formal you	n'ayez pas	non abbia		no haya	não haja
Let's not...	n'ayons pas	non abbiamo		no hayamos	não hajamos
Plural familiar you	n'ayez pas	non abbiate		no hayáis	não hajais
Plural formal you	n'ayez pas	non abbiano		no hayan	não hajam

Gerund: having Present Participle: having	en ayant ayant	avendo avente	havent	habiendo	havendo
Past Participle: had	eu	avuto	hagut	habido	havido

Auxiliary verb in perfect tenses	avoir	avere	haver	haber	ter

The periphrastic past in Catalan is an alternative to the preterite. It is formed by using anar as an auxiliary verb followed by the infinitive.

vaig haver
vas haver
va haver
vam haver
vau haver
van haver

There is an alternative form of the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish, which is more similar to Portuguese. Simply replace -ra- with -se- for all conjugations:

hubiera / hubiese
hubieras / hubieses
hubiera / hubiese
hubiéramos / hubiésemos
hubierais / hubieseis
hubieran / hubiesen

The future subjunctive is only used in formal or literary Spanish, but it is easy to conjugate since it is nearly identical to the imperfect subjunctive forms. The future subjunctive in Portuguese is very common and the same endings are used for the personal infinitive (see below).

Spanish	Portuguese
hubiere	houver
hubieres	houveres
hubiere	houver
hubiéremos	houvermos
hubiereis	houverdes
hubieren	houverem

The personal infinitive in Portuguese uses the infinitive as the stem + the endings of the future subjunctive.

haver
haveres
haver
havermos
haverdes
haverem

There is an alternative form of the past perfect in Portugueuse which only uses one word rather than an auxiliary verb + past participle. These conjugations are quite similar to the imperfect subjunctive conjugations using -ra- in Spanish. However, this simple form is only used in formal or literary Portuguese. (Note that the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish using -ra- can also be used in formal or literary language as an alternative to the compound past perfect.)

houvera
houveras
houvera
houvéramos
houvéreis
houveram